Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

On the Effect of the Abolition of the Exemption from Liability for Nautical Fault in the Rotterdam Rules

Received: 15 November 2023     Accepted: 6 December 2023     Published: 18 December 2023
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Abstract

Whether to cancel the nautical fault exemption has always been the focus of discussion in the international shipping circles. There have always been two views in the field of maritime law: abolishing and retaining the nautical fault exemption. The Rotterdam Rules, on the surface, abolished the nautical fault exemption, but in practice, the burden of proof was borne by consignee, which to some extent retained the exemption. The Rotterdam Rules, as a highly comprehensive international convention, have received much attention since its introduction. The provisions on the abolition of maritime fault exemption are the focus of attention, so it is also very meaningful to study the core of the Rotterdam Rules, namely the preservation or abolition of the maritime fault exemption system. This article analyzes the principle of carrier liability, and discusses the views of abolishing and retaining the exemption from maritime fault in the Rotterdam Rules, in order to study the impact of abolishing the exemption from maritime fault in the Rotterdam Rules. In addition, the article also proposes solutions to the issue of carrier liability principle in the Rotterdam Rules. Identify the loopholes in the opposing views of canceling or retaining the exemption for maritime negligence, and refute them, demonstrating that both views are partially reasonable and not entirely reasonable. And various cases were listed, reflecting the measures taken by British courts to address the issues arising from maritime fault exemption.

Published in International Journal of Law and Society (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijls.20230604.15
Page(s) 283-292
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nautical Fault Exemption, Carrier Liability Principle, Balance of Interests

References
[1] Xing Haibao. Maritime bill of lading method [M]. Beijing: Law Publishing House, 1999.
[2] Huang Yaping. Trial Discussion on "Navigation Accretion of Naution, World Maritime Transport, 2005.
[3] Tian Tian. Research on Maritime Law [M]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 1999.
[4] Joseph C. Sweeney. The UNCITRAL Draft Convention on Carriage of Goods by Sea [J]. Part I, 7J. Mar. L. & Com. 69, 1975.
[5] Synopsis of Response to the Consultation Paper. 1957.
[6] Zheng Yubo. Maritime Law [M] Taipei: Sanmin Book Bureau, 2003.
[7] Yang Renshou. Maritime Law [M] Taipei: Sanmin Book Bureau Co., Ltd., 1985.
[8] Si Yuzhuo, Special Research on Maritime Law [V]. Dalian: Dalian Maritime University Press, 2002.
[9] Zhang Xinping, Maritime Law [M]. Taipei: Wunan Book Publishing House, 2002.
[10] Zhang Liying, Maritime Business Law [M] Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006.
[11] Huang Teng, On the Abolition of the Maritime Fault Exemption System in the Transportation of Goods by Unmanned Intelligent Ships [J]. Special Zone Economy, 2020.
[12] Zhou Zhechang, A Legal Study on the Airworthiness Obligations of Carriers [J]. Journal of Guizhou Education University, 2023.
[13] Shan Hongjun, Systematic Development of Fault Norms for International Maritime Carriers: Based on the Interpretation Theory of Maritime Law [J]. Social Scientist, 2021.
[14] Fu Tingzhong, Chinese Maritime Legislation on the Road to a Maritime Power [J]. The Pearl River Water Transport, 2023.
[15] Wang Xuyong, Legal Conflict in the Application of Multimodal Transport Contracts under the Background of the Rotterdam Rules [J]. China Water Transport, 2021.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Luo, W., Zhang, Y., Yang, C. (2023). On the Effect of the Abolition of the Exemption from Liability for Nautical Fault in the Rotterdam Rules. International Journal of Law and Society, 6(4), 283-292. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20230604.15

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    ACS Style

    Luo, W.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, C. On the Effect of the Abolition of the Exemption from Liability for Nautical Fault in the Rotterdam Rules. Int. J. Law Soc. 2023, 6(4), 283-292. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20230604.15

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    AMA Style

    Luo W, Zhang Y, Yang C. On the Effect of the Abolition of the Exemption from Liability for Nautical Fault in the Rotterdam Rules. Int J Law Soc. 2023;6(4):283-292. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20230604.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijls.20230604.15,
      author = {Wanqian Luo and Yizhen Zhang and Chaoyang Yang},
      title = {On the Effect of the Abolition of the Exemption from Liability for Nautical Fault in the Rotterdam Rules},
      journal = {International Journal of Law and Society},
      volume = {6},
      number = {4},
      pages = {283-292},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijls.20230604.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20230604.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijls.20230604.15},
      abstract = {Whether to cancel the nautical fault exemption has always been the focus of discussion in the international shipping circles. There have always been two views in the field of maritime law: abolishing and retaining the nautical fault exemption. The Rotterdam Rules, on the surface, abolished the nautical fault exemption, but in practice, the burden of proof was borne by consignee, which to some extent retained the exemption. The Rotterdam Rules, as a highly comprehensive international convention, have received much attention since its introduction. The provisions on the abolition of maritime fault exemption are the focus of attention, so it is also very meaningful to study the core of the Rotterdam Rules, namely the preservation or abolition of the maritime fault exemption system. This article analyzes the principle of carrier liability, and discusses the views of abolishing and retaining the exemption from maritime fault in the Rotterdam Rules, in order to study the impact of abolishing the exemption from maritime fault in the Rotterdam Rules. In addition, the article also proposes solutions to the issue of carrier liability principle in the Rotterdam Rules. Identify the loopholes in the opposing views of canceling or retaining the exemption for maritime negligence, and refute them, demonstrating that both views are partially reasonable and not entirely reasonable. And various cases were listed, reflecting the measures taken by British courts to address the issues arising from maritime fault exemption.
    },
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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    AU  - Wanqian Luo
    AU  - Yizhen Zhang
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    AB  - Whether to cancel the nautical fault exemption has always been the focus of discussion in the international shipping circles. There have always been two views in the field of maritime law: abolishing and retaining the nautical fault exemption. The Rotterdam Rules, on the surface, abolished the nautical fault exemption, but in practice, the burden of proof was borne by consignee, which to some extent retained the exemption. The Rotterdam Rules, as a highly comprehensive international convention, have received much attention since its introduction. The provisions on the abolition of maritime fault exemption are the focus of attention, so it is also very meaningful to study the core of the Rotterdam Rules, namely the preservation or abolition of the maritime fault exemption system. This article analyzes the principle of carrier liability, and discusses the views of abolishing and retaining the exemption from maritime fault in the Rotterdam Rules, in order to study the impact of abolishing the exemption from maritime fault in the Rotterdam Rules. In addition, the article also proposes solutions to the issue of carrier liability principle in the Rotterdam Rules. Identify the loopholes in the opposing views of canceling or retaining the exemption for maritime negligence, and refute them, demonstrating that both views are partially reasonable and not entirely reasonable. And various cases were listed, reflecting the measures taken by British courts to address the issues arising from maritime fault exemption.
    
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Law School, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

  • Law School, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

  • Wintell & Co Law Firm, Shanghai, China

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